Chapter 607: How to Unify the Nuclear Power!

Hold the grass?

God Lu?

Idol!

Seeing the man standing up, Zhang Zhongqing almost dropped his glasses on the ground.

When he thought that this boss actually sat in his own classroom and listened to the class for so long, he was really surprised and happy at the moment, as if he had won the lottery. I was surprised that I didn't notice it at all, and I was happy that I could brag with others when I went out. We are also the ones who have taught the Nobel Prize winners.

However, although Zhang Zhongqing had mixed feelings in his heart, Lu Zhou felt nothing.

The classroom itself is also one of the places for academic exchanges.

When he was in Princeton, he often asked his students to go up and speak for him.

At least in his view, academic exchange does not distinguish between status and honor.

"Please, Professor Lu." Professor Zhang immediately made a gesture of invitation, and respectfully stepped aside from the podium.

"Don't be so polite, I just happen to have some ideas."

Seeing his humility, Lu Zhou smiled embarrassedly.

It's too time-consuming to continue to be polite.

Besides, he himself is not a polite person.

After walking to the blackboard and standing still, Lu Zhou picked up a piece of chalk.

"This kind of problem cannot be solved by undergraduates. In addition to an in-depth understanding of quantum chromodynamics, a deep grasp of functional analysis is also required."

After a pause of two seconds, Lu Zhou continued, "However, it's actually not as complicated as everyone imagined."

After speaking, he printed the chalk in his hand on the blackboard, and Lu Zhou calculated while writing on the blackboard.

"Starting from the field theory, making a Feynman diagram and using Feynman's rules to calculate the scattering amplitude can be obtained..."

[iM=(ig/|p'-p|+mφ)2m^ss'·2mδ^rr']

【…】

"Where mφ represents the mass of the corresponding boson, and g comes from the coupling constant in the interaction Lagrangian. Combined with Professor Zhang's previous calculation steps, V(q) can be obtained through the scattering cross section..."

【V(q)=-g/(|q|+mφ)】

After writing this, Lu Zhou stopped the chalk in his hand, looked back at the students in the lecture theater, who were either bewildered or listening seriously, and said with a smile.

"The above is fairly simple, but the next step will use some skills."

Students: "..."

MMP!

How easy is it? ? ?

Zhang Zhongqing, who was standing by and watching, was also in a daze.

It's not that he doesn't understand, but that he really can't believe that someone can deduce these things on the spot in such a short period of time.

Doesn't this person need to spend time thinking about calculations?

If that's the case, it's too scary...

Without stopping, Lu Zhou, who had finished speaking, turned and faced the blackboard again, and said casually.

"Do an inverse Fourier transform on it!"

The sound of chalk rubbing against the blackboard became faster and faster, and the expression of Zhang Zhongqing standing next to him became more and more shocked. As for the students in the audience, they looked at the blackboard blankly. Even the top students who had already read the textbooks in advance, faced with the complicated calculation process, they still looked at a loss.

But at this moment, Lu Zhou didn't notice their expressions, and was completely immersed in his own world.

It is true that these are some very basic things, but they are not so basic that they will appear in sample questions or exam papers.

However, with in-depth thinking on these basic issues, and as more and more steps were made on the blackboard, the hint of enlightenment in his heart became clearer and clearer.

Why does the strong interaction only work over very short distances?

Or to put it another way, what makes it possible for nucleons to form nuclei only at extremely short distances?

The answer is obvious...

【…】

【V（r）=-g/4πr·e^(-mφr)】

The chalk in his hand stopped, looking at the calculations on the blackboard, Lu Zhou said slowly.

"The electromagnetic interaction exchanges photons, and the mass of the photon is zero, so for the electromagnetic interaction, V is proportional to 1/r."

"It is the meson that acts between the nucleons that provides the nuclear force for the nucleon. The mass is about 200 MeV. It can be estimated by taking it into the calculation. Only the distance item is on the order of 10 to the negative fourteenth power. Only the nuclear force can offset the electromagnetic repulsion between protons, resulting in fusion reaction."

Applause started from the first row.

Like the waves crashing on the shore, they spread to the rear row.

Professor Zhang, standing beside him, also applauded unconsciously.

For most students, it may just be a fun time to watch.

But for him, he saw a simpler solution to the distance of the nuclear force... at least much simpler than the two he remembered.

Unbelievable, all of this was done on-site in less than ten minutes...

At this moment, the shock in his heart may only be clear to him.

Meanwhile, on the podium.

Although the classroom was already filled with applause, Lu Zhou, standing in front of the blackboard, was still immersed in his own world at the moment, so that when the applause stopped, he didn't notice it at all.

For the previous simple problem, the calculation is over at this step.

However, the problem he was thinking about was not just this.

According to the viewpoints in quantum field theory and quantum chromodynamics, the four fundamental forces and traditional particles can be unified.

For example, at different locations in space-time, the components of the electric field can be constructed as non-commutative operators. When constructing the Hilbert space on which these operators operate, traditional particles such as electrons can be reinterpreted as Dirac Quantization of the field.

And in doing so, the distinction between fields and particles disappears.

Is it possible to use a concise mathematical form, like the Weinberg-Salam-Glashow unified theory of weak electricity, to describe the electromagnetic force and the weak interaction force in a unified way, to describe the strong interaction, and to combine it with the electromagnetic force Unification?

Answering this question cannot solve the miniaturization of controllable fusion, and it is impossible to bring any degree of innovation to the existing controllable fusion technology, but my intuition tells Lu Zhou that if this problem can be solved theoretically, it may be possible to solve the problem. This question provides a clue, or train of thought...

Of course, it is not easy to do this.

For example, the strong interaction is different from the weak interaction, and it has a very typical problem...

The bell rang for the end of get out of class, but Lu Zhou still stood there motionless, as if he was thinking about something.

Seeing that Lu Zhou didn't respond, Zhang Zhongqing didn't want to announce the end of get out of class without authorization, let alone disturb his train of thought.

That's about ten minutes or so.

Staring at the concise formulas on the blackboard, Lu Zhou suddenly spoke as if talking to himself.

"How to explain the existence of the mass gap in mathematical language?"

Hearing this question, Zhang Zhongqing was stunned subconsciously, then blushed, and hesitated for a while like a student.

"...This, I really don't know how to do it."

"I didn't ask you, you certainly wouldn't..."

Talking to himself, leaving a blackboard full of calculations, Lu Zhou turned and left the classroom, leaving the professor and students with stunned faces.

No one could answer this question for him.

After all, this is currently one of the hardest propositions about unified field theories in particle physics.

At the same time, it is also recognized by the international mathematics community as one of the seven millennium problems...